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In this Lecture Embryological development of Respiratory system is discussed. Following Topics are discussed. 1. Respiratory System is Derivative of fore gut. 2. Esophagotracheal ridge. 3. Respiratory Diverticulum. 4. Pulmonary development / development of lungs 5. Phases in development of lungs 6. Pseudoglandular phase 7. Canalicular phase 8. Terminal sac period 9. Alveolar period 10. Surfactants 11. RDS 12. Pulmonary hypoplasia 13. Pharyngeal apparatus 14. Pharyngeal fistula 15. DiGeorge syndrome This lecture was delivered by Dr Tayyab Saeed Akhtar At Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi

In this Lecture, embryological development of Central Nervous System is discussed. Following topics are covered. 1. Neural Tube Formation 2. Ectoderm: 3. Anteri or neuropore 4. Cardiac bulge 5. Somites 6. Posterior neuropore 7. Procencephalon 8. Mesencephalon 9. Rhombencephalon 10. Development of brain 11. Telencephalon 12. Diencephalon 13. Metencephalon 14. Myelencephalon 15. Development of spinal cord 16. Developmental defects This lecture was delivered by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy

In this flash video following topics are discussed: 1. What is toxicology? 2. Forensic Toxicology 3. What is Poison? 4. History of Toxicology? 5. Drug 6. Toxinology 7. Chelating Agents 8. Ecotoxicology 9. Acute Poisoning 10. Chronic Poisoning 11. Fluminant Poisoning 12. Parasuicide 13. Antidote 14. Sources of Poison 15. Classification of Poisons 16. Diagnosis of Poisoning 17. Postmortem findings in cases of deaths due to poisoning 18. External and Internal examination of dead body 19. Management of a case of poisoning 20. Toxicological Screen This Lecture was delivered by Dr Tayyab Saeeed Akhtar at  Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi Pakistan

Embryological Development of Heart In this presentation, following topics are discussed: 1. Earliest development of heart  2. Formation of Head fold 3. The Heart tube 4. Bulbis cordis, primitive atrium, primitive ventricle, right horn and left horn 5. How tube bends 6. The chambers 7. Aortico-pulmonary septum 8. Atrio-ventricular septum 9. Septum Primum and Septum Secundum 10. Aortic Arches and Arterial Vessels  11. The final Heart This lecture was delivered by Dr Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Pakistan

PMDC Test / Exam 2012 Date and Information National Examination Board Pakistan Medical & Dental Council For Foreign Medical & Dental Graduates  Mauve Area G10/4 Islamabad  051-9106151-9106154 Last date for reciept of application for permission letter      16 April, 2012 Last date for receipt of application for examination             23 April, 2012 Last date fore receipt of application with late fee                25 April, 2012 Step I : Theory paper I & II Basic Subjects Date: 13th May 2012 Time: 9 AM Venue: Pak-China Friendship Center Step II: Theory paper I & II Clinical Subjects Date: 13th May 2012 Time: 8:30 AM Venue: Hotel Margalla near convention center Islamabad.

In this presentation following topics are discussed 1. Weeks 3-8 Embryonic Period 2. Gastrulation 3. Major derivatives of embryonic germ layers. 4. Notochord formation 5. Neurulation 6. Divisions of Mesodermal Lateral Plate 7. Qur'an Reference This lecture was delivered by Dr Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi Pakistan.

In this presentation following topics are discussed. This lecture was delivered by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi. The topics which are discussed in this lecture are; 1. Keith L. Moore Contribution to embryology 2. Events in Week two: ( also see events in first week ) 3. Bilaminar Embryonic disk formation 4. Trophoblast 5. Pregnancy test 6. Extra embryonic mesoderm 7. Connecting stalk 8. Hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma

Dr Tayyab Saeed Akhtar Delivered lectures about embryology at  foreign students academy on following topics 1. Medical Embryology-Fertilization And First Week Of Pregnancy 2. Events In 2nd Week Of Pregnancy/Gestation And Pregnancy Test 3. Weeks 3-8 Embryonic Period Ppt Presentaion By Dr Tayyab 4. Embryological Development Of Heart 5. Embryological Development of CNS 6. Embryological Development of Lungs / Respiratory System 7. Development of GIT ( Gastrointestinal tract ) 8. Placenta, Amniotic Fluid, Umbilical Chord and fetal circulation

In this presentation following topics are Highlighted: 1. Prefertilization Events 2. Spermiogenesis 3. Oogenesis 4. Fertilization 5. First Week 6. Clevage 7. Morula 8. Blastocyst formation 9. Implantation 10. Ectopic Pregnancy

In This flash video ( scroll down ) Following topics are discussed 1. Hematoxylin and Eosin 2. Cell injury and adaptation 3. Hypoxia 4. Ischemia 5. Bugs 6. Infectious diseases 7. Genetic derangements 8. Congenital diseases 9. Chemical and drug injury 10. Physical injury 11. Mechanism of Injury 12. Necrosis and types 13. Apoptosis 14. Mechanism of apoptosis 15. Cellular adaptation 16. Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Metaplasia, Hyperplasia 17. Intracellular accumulation and mechanisms 18. Fatty liver 19. Calcification Click on the video slide to move forward don't use the next button (at the bottom bar) you may miss important animations:

Brief Review about 1. Neurtorphilia 2. Eosinophilia 3. Monocytosis 4. Lymphocytosis 5. Infectious Mononucleosis 6. Downy cells 7. Monospot test 8. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia L1, L2 and L3 9. Lymphoblastic Lymphoma 10. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia 11. Hairy cell leukemia 12. Folicular lymphomas 13. Diffuse cell lymphoma 14. Burkit lymphoma 15. Mantle cell lymphoma 16. Maltoma 17. Multiple myeloma 18. Waldenstrom Macroglobinemia 19. Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma 20. Mycosis fungoides 21. Sezary syndrome 22. Hodgkin disease 23. Acute myelogenous leukemia 24. Myelodysplastic syndromes 25. Chronic myelogenous leukemia 26. Polycythemia vera 27. Essential thrombocytopenia

•A 42 year old lady from murree visited our hospital for the evaluation of her left leg swelling that she noticed about 2 weeks back. While entering through the gate of Holyfamily Hospital she suddenly collapsed and was rushed to Emergency Department, where she regained consciousness but was dyspneic. Her examination was unremarkable except for a respiratory rate of 32/min. • What is the likely clinical diagnosis? How it can be confirmed? And how will you further evaluate this patient? Post your answer as comment (scroll down). and answer or further follow up will be presented after 5 answers.  Answer D- dimers of the patient were advised • Patients value:   1600ng/ml • Normal value:  <200ng/ml Doppler studies were performed Venous Doppler left lower limb showed evidence of Deep Venous Thrombosis(DVT) • This is a classical scenario of Pulmonary Embolism. ECG shows Q3T3 pattern in our patient A classical ECG in a pulmonary embolism patient shows S1Q3...

An interesting case of diffuse Large B cell lymphoma presenting as cranial polyneuropathy (polyneuritis craialis) Ismail A. Khatri, MD, Fahd Sultan, MBBS, Maimoona Siddiqui, FCPS, Tayyab S. Akhter, MBBS, Arsalan Ahmed, MD (Neurology), Umair Afzal, MD Division of Neurology, Shifa International Hospital, Sector H-8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan Introduction: Polyneuritis cranialis in the absence of peripheral polyneuropathy is an uncommon neurological problem with a variety of likely etiologies. The diagnostic evaluation may be challenging. Case Report: We report the case of a 57 year old previously healthy gentleman, who presented with double vision for 3 weeks; drooping of right eyelid for 2 weeks; difficulty in swallowing liquids; and hoarseness of voice for 5 days. His examination showed right complete III rd nerve, left VI, subtle left LMN VII th , and right IX, X, XII th nerve palsy with hoarse voice and absent gag. Right hip flexors were weak (4/5) and plan...

Topic discussed are: 1. Anisocytosis 2. Poikilocytosis 3. Elliptocytosis 3. Spherocytosis 4. Target Cells 6. Acanthocytosis 7. Ehinocytes 8. Schistocytes 9. Bite Cells 10. Tear Drop cells 11. Sickle cell 12 Rhouleaux 13. Basophillic stiplling 14. Howell jolly bodies, Pappenheimer bodies, Heinz bodies, Ring Sidroblasts, 15. Anemia 16. Reticulocytosis 17. Types of anemia 18. Coomb's test You can either click on the buttons to move the slides or you can simply click on a slide to move to the next slide. We hope that you will find this video informative and helpful.

eye changes Forensic Thenatology: Thenatology is the branch of science which deals with the forensic study of death. In the following flash video you will see; 1. Signs of somatic death 2. Eye changes 3. Skin Changes 4. Algor Mortis (reduction in body temperature following death) 5. Livor Mortis (Purple or bluish discoloration of the dependent parts of the dead body) 6. Changes in the Muscles (Rigor Mortis - Muscular rigidity) 7. Putrefaction 8. Adipocere formation 9. Mummification

1. How would i explain to a family member with no science background about the connection between cholera and cystic fibrosis? A: Yes a connection between cholera and cystic fibrosis exists, cystic fibrosis decreases the incidence of cholera in diseased as compared to those who don't have cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis, the innermost layer of gut and lungs is affected. There is a defect in the salts channels (pores) and salts can't come out of the lining cells and enter into the lumen of the gut. we know that Salts have a tendency of bringing water along with them. In cystic fibrosis as these salt channels don't allow the movement of salts out of the cells, the concentration of salts in the lumen decreases, which in turn decreases the amount of water in the lumen. Cholera toxin affects by increasing the movement the salt out of the cells, As more salt enters into the lumen of the gut, it brings along more water with it which result in diarrhea. In individuals with...

Autopsy-Types-Objectives-Procedure-External and Internal Examination Of Dead Body-Findings-Report Play the Flash Video present below. Following lecture is delivered by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi. Follow Topics are covered: 1. Autopsy Definition and Types 2.Objectives Of Medicolegal Autopsy 3. Preliminaries to a medicolegal autopsy 4. Examination Of the dead body. (External and Internal Examination) 5. Autopsy Techniques 6. Incisions 7. Skull and brain Examination 8. Spine and Spinal Cord Examination 9. Neck, Thorax and Abdomen Examination 10. Dissection of the heart 11. Dissection of the bronchial tree and lungs. You can either click on the buttons to move the slides or you can simply click on a slide to move to the next slide. We hope that you will find this video informative and helpful.

Play the following flash file and read the clinical scenario and make your probable diagnosis and discuss it by posting comments below ( scroll down ). Question is: • A 65 year old lady with no known pre- morbids presented in ER with severe central chest pain for 3 hours radiating to left arm. Following ECG (play flash file) changes were noted. What is the most likely diagnosis & what further steps would you like to take to confirm the diagnosis?   For rest of details Play the following Flash Video: You can either click on the buttons to move the slides or you can simply click on a slide to move to the next slide. We hope that you will find this video informative and helpful.

Forensic Medicine-Components-Wounds And Classification Of Wounds Below is the flash video of the lecture delivered by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi on the topic of Forensic Medicine, Wounds and classification of Wounds. Moreover, This is a brief overview of forensic medicine, forensic medicine components, wounds, different types of wounds, classification of wounds, appearance of wounds etc, so that in less time you get comparatively larger concept and information. you can either click on the buttons to move the slides or you can simply click on a slide to move to the next slide. We hope that you will find this video informative and helpful.

Asphyxia-Investigation-Changes In Asphyxia-Pictures-Conceptual Flash Lecture By Dr. Tayyab  Below is the flash video of the lecture delivered by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar at Foreign Students Academy Rawalpindi on the topic of Asphyxia, Asphyxial deaths investigation, changes in Asphyxia and Some pictures of those who died of asphyxia are also included. you can either click on the buttons to move the slides or you can simply click on a slide to move to the next slide. We hope that you will find this video informative and helpful.