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Mycobacteria TB, is a causative agent of Tuberculosis. Characteristics: Morphology : Organism is rod shaped, thin and commonly straight, but may be found in bent or club shaped appearance. They appear in the form of microscopic "serpentine cords" They are not encapsulated..  They are non motile They don't form spores. Staining : They are not stained by ordinary Gram staining technique. The are stained by Ziehl-Nelson Staining. it is also called acid fast staining. one of the characteristic of mycobacterium is that it retain dye even after washing with alcohol. Growth Characteristics. These are obligate aerobes that is why the infect highly oxygenated tissues like lungs, kidney brain etc. They use carbon compounds as a source of energy. the optimum temperature is 37 degree centigrade.  Growth is inhibited by heat or pasteurization. Growth is increased by 5 - 10 percent carbondioxide. Doubling time is 18 hours. They are resistant to dr

Barrett’s oesophagus is a condition in which the inner lining of the lower oesophagal segment changes to an abnormal or intestinal form. Chronic (long-term) acid reflux is one of the major causes of this Barrett's oesophagus . All the things, foods or behaviours that can cause acid reflux, can also cause Barrett oesophagus. There are lots of foods that can cause reflux of acidic contents of the stomach back to the oesophagus. The decreased tone of the lower oesophagal sphincter, which is a muscular ring at the junction of the stomach and oesophagus also contribute to the acid reflux. Some of the foods that promote or encourage acid reflux include Ground beef, Chicken nugget-style, Chocolate, corn, potato chips, fried or fatty food, Orange juice, lemon, grapefruit, wine, coffee, tea, macaroni, spaghetti and in Dairy, Sour cream, ice-cream and cottage cheese. All these foods distend the stomach and decrease the tone of the lower oesophagal sphincter and promote acid reflux of stomac

Type 2 Diabetes Risk Calculator is designed to find out your likelihood of getting type 2 diabetes. This tool calculates your risk of getting type 2 diabetes on the basis of presence or absence of risk factors of type 2 diabetes. Answer the following question. Submit them and get your score. Interpret your score as follows. Score Risk Status Remarks 0 – 25% Low Risk Continue to live a healthy life and avoid risk factors 26 – 55% Moderate Risk Try to Avoid Risk Factors, Lose weight, Eat healthily, Do regular diabetic screening, increase physical activity and Consult a doctor and discuss risk factors with him 56 – 80% High Risk Consult your doctor 81 – 100% Very High Risk Consult your doctor as soon as possible Answer the following question and click next. Once you answer all the 9 questions you will get your score. Read the risk status and remarks about your score in the above table. This is a rough estimation of your risk of getting diabetes. A high score in