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This article is under review: Author's MTI application is under process via RCPE and RCPL, and this article will be updated in future for further guidance.  29-April-2019: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons started Mutual Training Initiative. In this program, post-graduate medical residents are asked to apply and shortlisted candidates are interviewed. Among those interviewed, almost all are selected if they have passed the IELTS. MTI program - Who is eligible.  Every post-graduate medical trainee who has completed two years of residency training in a subject (department) is eligible to apply.  Many say MRCP 1 or IMM is a mandatory requirement and these requirements are mentioned on their official website as well. But in reality, this is not strictly followed. If your CV and academic background are good, you can be selected.  Furthermore, Many say IELTS is a mandatory requirement, but again this is not strictly followed. I know a few students w...

From the MCQs oriented exams point of view, the anatomical levels and bony landmarks are very important. In each and every exam, whether it is USLME, PLAB, AMC or FCPS you will get two or three questions related to anatomical levels. So in this post, we present a list of important structures and their anatomical level and plane. Read it and memorize it. Moreover, if you have any suggestion then you may contact us easily by pressing the contact button on your right lower corner. Don't forward to share this post and also follow us on facebook/twitter or via email to get more updates. See also: Drug of choice in various infections Structure Level Oropharynx and Soft Palate with Open Mouth C2 Vertebra Level of Hyoid bone C3 Vertebra Level of Thyroid cartilage C4 & C5 Vertebrae Level Bifurcation of Common Carotid Artery C3 & C4 Vertebrae junction (disc) Level of Cricoid Cartilage C6 Vertebra ...

Drug of choice is that drug which is known to be most effective in order to cure an infection or disease. A drug of choice should be accessible, cost-effective, easily tolerable, safe, and most importantly effective against the disease-causing pathogen. Following is the list of few of drugs that are used in the common infections. Pathogen Disease Drug of Choice Actinomyces Actinomycosis Penicillin G Bacillus anthracis Anthrax Ciprofloxacin, Tetracyclines Bordetella pertussis Whooping cough Erythromycin Borrelia burgdorferi Lyme disease Tetracycline Campylobacter Acute inflammatory diarrhea Ciprofloxacin Candida Vaginal candidiasis Systemic candidiasis Miconazole Fluconazole Chlamydia trachomatis Pelvic inflammatory disease Doxycycline Chlamydia pneumonia Pneumonia Tetracycline H. influenza Pneumonia, Meningitis 3 rd Gen Cephalosporin H. pylori Gastric ulce...

Foreign students academy is located inside Holy Family Hospital where qualified staff teaches and guides the students about different levels of USMLE, FCPS and other medical exams. This academy is headed by Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar , who is the registrar of Medical Unit 2 of Holy Family Hospital. Moreover, Medical Unit 2 of Holy Family Hospital has also a very high patient flow. Here patients with a great variety of diseases and symptoms present on daily basis. So a student can easily be exposed to a great variety of clinical cases in a comparably lesser period of time. Dr. Tayyab Saeed Akhtar’s academy was established 5 years ago. Since last 5 years, many students participated in the preparation classes of PMDC Step I and II. Now preparation classes of step III are also going to be started. Following is the latest Schedule of admission in PMDC STEP 3 PREPARATION CLASSES. So those students who need assistance and guidance in order to pass PMDC steps can contact by following mean...

This is an online practice exam of gastroenterology. Read carefully before attempting the exam. This exam contains questions from following topics; Gastro-embryology Gastro-Histology Gastro-Anatomy Gastro-Pathology Gastro-Physiology Gastro-Pharmacology The exam consists of 60 questions. You have 35 minutes to answer all the 60 questions. You can’t skip a question. Make sure that you have answered all the questions before submitting all the answers. Each correct answer has 4 marks and each incorrect answer deducts 1 mark from the total marks obtained.  (-1 negative marking) Use PC or Laptop to attempt the exam, as attempting it on mobile phones may cause problems. After answering the questions, submit the answers, If you need the answer key, then kindly email us at “support@medicotips.com “. You will get the answer key within 24 hours. Relax this is a practice exam and it will help you to identify your weak points where you need to concentrat e Internet Explorer may c...

Welcome to Medicotips.com. This exam will definitely help you to analyze your knowledge of pharmacology yourself. It doesn’t matter whether you are preparing for USMLE, PLAB, FCPS, PRESS, AMC or any other medical exam. Just attempt it. It will definitely help you. Please read carefully before attempting the exam. There are 25 pharmacology related MCQs. Total Score is 100 Each correct answer carries 4 points. Each incorrect answer deducts 1 point from the total score (-1 negative marking). You have 20 minutes to answer 25 questions. If you feel any problem, hit the contact button and let us know. You are not allowed to skip any question. Answer all the questions. If an answer left unanswered to go back (use the previous button) and find the unanswered question. Use laptop or PC to view the quiz. In a mobile application, it may cause problems. Don’t forget to follow us on facebook/twitter/email and share this with your friends. This is a Practice Exam, Just relax and give...

A 6-year-old child present to pediatrician complaining of recurrent lung infections and frequent episodes of foul-smelling greasy stools and intermittent severe constipation. Her mother also noticed something protruding out of his anus. The child seems malnourished and undergrown. He also has some mass inside his right nostril. One of his cousins also has a similar problem. He also complains of indigestion and abdominal fullness. His mother feels salty taste when she kisses her. In view of the above scenario kindly answer the following questions, you will get an instant score at the end of the quiz. Moreover, you may also review the quiz to find out the correct answer with reasons after submitting the answers.

An 11-year-old boy comes to the out-patient department complaining of recurrent headaches, palpitations and episodic sweating for the last 3 months. The problem is becoming more severe. The doctor checks his blood pressure, which is 180/100 mm of Hg. Which is very high. His heart rate was 100 beats per minutes. His family history is unremarkable. His full blood count, renal function tests, coagulation profile, and liver function tests are normal. His eyesight is also normal but fundoscopy shows grade 1 hypertensive changes in the retina. His Heart, lung, abdominal and CNS examination was normal. His thyroid examination was normal, and there were no signs of hyperthyroidism. Now answer the following questions. In the end, you will get your score. You may review the quiz after completion to check the correct answers and reasons.

A 60-year-old male presents to you with a history of fever for more than 3 weeks. He also complains of dizziness, blackouts, weakness, and fatigability. He has no history of recent surgery and dental procedures. But he also complains of on and off constipation and rectal bleeding. For this, his doctor has advised him colonoscopy in the past. His colonoscopy showed an ulcerated fungated mass in the distal colon. On examination: He is febrile and pale, his blood pressure is 100/70. No lymph nodes. Her lungs are clear. No signs of a chest infection. Oral hygiene was adequate. Cardiac examination revealed a pan-systolic murmur , Grade III, with normal apex beat. Now answer the following questions. In end, you will get your score. Review the quiz when you finish seeing the correct answers. Click on “Feedback” during quiz review to find out why the answers are correct. Initial baseline investigations showed marked leukocytosis and microcytic hypochromic anemia. Like us on facebook...

A sixty-eight-year-old female presents in the outpatient department of your hospital with complaints of severe lower backache. Then the pain started when she tried to pick a heavy rock. The pain exaggerates with activity and relieves when the patient lays down. Pain increases in severity over time. There was no complain of numbness or tingling of legs and thighs. Her menses stopped at the age of 46 years and she didn’t receive any hormone replacement therapy. On examination the motor and sensory functions of lower limbs were normal. There was no weakness or sensory loss. The height of the women was 4 ft 10 inches. Although, her 2 and half year old medical records show 5 ft 1-inch height. Her weight was forty-six kilograms. Spine examination revealed tenderness at L2 and L3 level. Straight leg raises sign was negative. The patient walks slowly and her activity is limited due to pain. Kindly answer the following questions. Review quiz at the end to see which answers are correc...

A 33-year-old female presented to the outpatient department complaining of drooping of both eyelids and difficulty in keeping her head up and speaking. The symptoms usually become worse at the end of the day. She has been feeling drooping of eyelids and blurred vision with varying intensity since last 2 and half years. She is otherwise normal. There is no other significant past medical and surgical history. She is not taking any medicine right now. On examination: Head is in the flexed position: Patient feel difficulty in extending the head. Difficulty in speaking. Pupil Normal. Partial drooping of both eyelids. Ocular movement normal. The soft palate doesn’t move. Upper lower limbs: Normal Motor and sensory function Cerebellum: Normal. Kindly answer the following questions. In the end, you will be able to see your score instantly. Review the quiz to check correct answers. Note: You must have the latest version of Flash player installed to view the questions. Like us on...

A 24 year old female presented at term for delivery of her first baby. Her pregnancy was normal and uncomplicated throughout the course. Her medical and surgical histories didn’t reveal any remarkable event. She delivered normal healthy baby. The mode of delivery was vaginal and the placental cotyledons were complete and intact. Although her delivery was augmented by oxytocin. Five and half hour later she notices heavy vaginal bleeding and also starts complaining of severe pelvic pain. On examination her respiratory system was normal except mild tachypnea. The abdomen was soft but tender at hypogastrium. Uterine fundus is not palpable. Pelvic examination reveals heavy fresh bleeding and 6 x 9 cm mass inside the vaginal vault. Significant vaginal and cervical tears are not noted on pelvic examination. Answer the following questions. You may review quiz to find out correct answers. For any further queries, you may comment below. Like us on Facebook or Follow us on twitter for more up...

A patient of 16-year-old presented to the emergency department of your hospital in a severely dehydrated state. He had been suffering from fever since last two weeks. The pattern of temperature was variable during the first week but became continuous during the second week and temperature usually raised in the afternoon. Temperature sometimes reached to 104-105 F. His tongue was coated at the periphery. His abdomen was distended and tender in the right lower quadrant. He had constipation during the first week but in the second week he started complaining of diarrhea. He lost significant weight and he looked dull. On auscultation of chest, basal crepitations were heard. His abdominal ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Complete Blood count Showed the following picture. RBCs: 5.8 x 10 6 WBCs: 5994 (reference range = 5000 – 11000) Platelets: 100 x 10 3 (reference range = 150x10 3 – 350 x 10 3 ) Hb: 15 g% Blood Sugar: 90mg/dl Blood pressure: 100/60 mm of Hg Pulse: 8...

USMLE Clinical Case 12 A 36 year old female complains that she has lost weigh, has terrible foul smelling diarrhea on and off for most of adult life and is lethargic. She has a college degree and works as a secretary for a hospital administrator but just gave birth 3 months ago so on a maternity leave. GI problems run on the maternal side of her family. She has been relying on Chicken, noodle, soup, crackers and sprite for past few days. Her height is 5’3’’ and her weight is 92lbs. Answer the following questions: Click next when you answer a question. When you answer all the questions you will get your score instantly. You may review the quiz to see what answers were wrong. Kindly like us on Facebook, follow us on twitter or subscribe via email to receive future posts and questions. If you can’t see the questions kindly refresh the page. If the questions still don’t appear than place a comment a below. We will address the issue as soon as possible. Thank you for visiting Medic...

A forty-five years old school teacher who is a known case of rheumatoid arthritis for the last six years presents with generalized swelling of her body including face, abdomen and feet. She has been on various medications for rheumatoid arthritis in the past. However, on system review, she admits that she had been taking a new drug for the last six months for her rheumatoid arthritis prescribed by her old family physician. On examination, she looks obviously pale and puffy in the face and generalized pitting edema of her body and feet. Laboratory results are given below; Hemoglobin: 12mg% Total Leukocyte count (TLC) and Differential leukocyte count (DLC) : Normal Blood urea : 40 mg% Blood creatinine level: 1.2 mg% Urine analysis: Protein +++ , RBCs 1-2 per high power field (HPF), casts 4-5 per high power field, Liver function tests : Normal. Answer the following question. You will get your score instantly after submitting the answers. In the end, Click on “ Review Quiz ” to ...

A twenty six year old woman with no prior medical history, present with a three week history of joint swelling and stiffness. She points to all her proximal inter-phalangeal joins and as well as metacarpophalangeal joints and wrists. She informs you that she had stiffness for two hours every morning since these symptoms started and symptoms improve as the day progress. She denies of back stiffness. She has fatigue and low grade fever also. On examination the wrist, inter-phalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints are tender and swollen of both hands. The distal inter-phalangeal joints are not involved. There is fluid in the joints. Now answer the following questions. At the end of the quiz, you will get your score instantly and kindly “review” the quiz to find out the correct answers. Like us on Facebook and follow us via email to get future posts. If you disagree with any answer or option kindly post a comment below we will answer with a reason within in 12-24 hours. We are...

A forty five year old lady has come to the medical OPD with a complaint of increasing fatigue, somnolence, constipation and body aches, These symptoms have gradually increased over last two years. Her weight has increased, the menstrual cycle is irregular and has difficulty in hearing. She looks pale, the skin is dry and the voice is hoarse. The pulse is 59/min and regular in character. Blood pressure is 130/80 mm of Hg, Blood sugar is checked and it is 110mg%, CPK (creatinine phospho-kinase) is 1000 ( normal range 100 – 250 ), MCV is 106%. Echocardiography was also done which shows mild pericardial effusion. Now answer the following questions. (you will get your score instantly once you submit the answers) If you feel any problem or you can’t see the questions kindly comment below. We will solve the problem as soon as possible. If you are disagree with any option comment below, we will reply you with reason. Like us on facebook and follow us via email to receive updates about future ...

A forty five year old man complains of discomfort in his throat and upper chest. This discomfort sometimes comes when he takes a heavy meal. More often he experiences it when he walks up a hill to visit his parents. He has no other symptoms and is not on any regular medication. On examination he looks well. His pulse is of low volume and the pulse rate is 68/minute. BP is 110/80 mm of Hg. He is not anemic clinically and is afebrile. Examination of cardio-vascular system reveals a systolic murmur best audible at third inter-coastal space on the left sternal border and is radiating to carotids. Respiratory examination was normal, There was no crepitations, wheezing or decreased breath sounds. He had raised LDL(Low density cholesterol) cholesterol and Low HDL (High density Cholesterol) Now kindly answer the following questions. In the end, you will find out that your are pass of fail. Kindly comment bellow if you notice any problem. It will help us to make the service better. If you...

Thirty-five years old lady has been chronically ill. She is brought to the casualty department with haematemesis and melaena. She looks pale and is drowsy. She has got multiple bruises over the skin and has flapping tremor the hands. Abdominal examination reveals moderate splenomegaly, decreased hepatic dullness and shifting dullness is also present. Loading... Answer the questions one by one and click continue for the next question. at end kindly enter your name and click submit. Upon submission, you will get the correct answers. Kindly like us on Facebook and subscribe us via email to remain in touch with us. Clinical Case of the Week. By Dr Adil Ramzan Medicotips.com Now every week a new clinical case will be posted. Previously a new clinical case was posted every month. Thank you for your visit and participating. If you feel any problem while loading, answering or getting results of the above clinical case kindly feel free to comment below. We will look into the matter and solv...

The case of the month Instructions: Watch in full screen for a better view: exit the full screen when the video ask for the name and email address as a flash player doesn't accept keyboard input in full screen Every month a clinical case is posted. This clinical case is discussed with possible answers. This case "A 35-year-old female delivered a healthy baby 15 days back presented with drowsiness for 2 days. On examination, she had 3/5 power on the left side of the body. Her MRI was performed" was presented in holy family hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan. History, Examination and investigation are done there. This case is provided by Dr Tayyab Saeed Akhtar. MO and Registrar Holy family hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan. MRI of this patient revealed a lesion. You have to identify this lesion and guess what is it. Then you should think about the type of lesion and the cause of lesion and then after determining the cause, you should think about how to eliminate this cause, Give...