Skip to main content

Complications Of Third Stage Of Labour and Management - A Brief Overview

Complications Of the Third Stage Of Labour
3rd stage of labour image

Third Stage Of Labour:

In the first two stages of labor, the baby is delivered completely. The third stage of labor extends from delivery of the baby to the delivery of the placenta and this stage lasts for 15-30 minutes. Normally placenta is delivered within 30 (max) minutes of delivery of the baby.

Complications Of the Third Stage Of Labour:


1. Retained Placenta

    Trapped Placenta: The placenta detaches from the uterus but becomes trapped due to the cervix closing. Partial Accreta:  The placenta grows into and becomes deeply attached to the uterus. This prevents detachment. Placenta Adherens:  The muscular layer of the uterus fails to contract and placenta remain attached to the uterus.

2. Primary Post Partum Hemorrhage

3. Uterine Inversion

4. Uterine Rupture

General Management:

1. Stop the bleeding by massaging the uterus to cause it to contract or by bimanual compression.
2. Uterine contraction is maintained by ergometrin and high intravenous dose of syntocinon (March 2012).
3. The bladder must be emptied.
4. Prostaglandin F2x must be injected systemically (March 2012)

Specific Management:

Retained Placenta:
Trapped Placenta:
Trapped placenta often follows the intravenous administration of ergometrin when the onset of uterine contraction is very rapid.

Clinical Findings Of Trapped Placenta:

1. A small Contracted Fundus
2. Vaginal Bleeding
3. Cord Lengthening – Cord lengthening indicates that placenta has been separated but is trapped inside the uterus.

Management:

Controlled Cord Traction is done, which encourages the cervical dilation. With Controlled cord traction, the umbilical cord is lightly pulled on to help the body expel the placenta.
See also:
Placenta Adherens - What is placenta Accreta – Increta and Percreta )
Primary Post Partum Hemorrhage PPH- Causes and Management)
Uterine Rupture – Causes – Scar dehiscence
Uterine Inversion.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Human Parasites, Types of Parasites, and Classification

Parasite: A parasite is a living organism which gets nutrition and protection from another organism where it lives. Parasites enter into the human body through mouth, skin and genitalia. In this article, we will generally discuss the types and classification of parasites. It is important from an academic point of view. Those parasites are harmful, which derives their nutrition and other benefits from the host and host get nothing in return but suffers from some injury. Types of Parasites Ecto-parasite: An ectoparasite lives outside on the surface of the body of the host. Endo-parasite: An endo-parasite lives inside the body of the host, it lives in the blood, tissues, body cavities, digestive tract or other organs. Temporary parasite: A temporary parasite visits its host for a short period of time. Permanent parasite: Permanent parasite lives its whole life in the host. Facultative parasite: A facultative parasite can live both independently and dependently. It lives in the

How to taper off, wean off beta blocker, atenolol, Propranolol, Metoprolol

Beta blockers include, atenolol (Tenormin), propranolol (Inderal ) and metoprolol (Lopressor) and are used to treat high blood pressure, certain cardiac problems, migraine and few other conditions. People usually take atenolol, propranolol or metoprolol for many years as a treatment of high blood pressure or after having an episode of heart attack . Sometimes, it becomes necessary to withdraw these beta blockers due to their potential side effects that trouble the patients or sometimes doctor wants to change the drug and shift the patient to some other anti-hypertensive medicine. No matter whatever the cause is, whenever, a patient who has been using a beta blocker for a long period of time, and he needs to be stopped from further usage of that beta blocker, must not stop taking it. One should taper off the dose of a beta blocker. Now a question arises how to wean off or taper off a beta blocker? The method of tapering off beta blocker varies from individual to individual. Allow you

Difficulty in standing up from a sitting or squatting position, Causes & Solution

People who feel it difficult to stand up from a sitting or squatting position may have problem in one or more of the following structures. 1. Knee joint 2. Muscles of legs, thighs or buttock 3. Muscles of arms 4. Cerebellum Let’s now explain one by one, what kind of problems in above structures may cause difficulty in standing up from a sitting or squatting position. 1. How do problems in knee joints lead to difficulty in standing up? Knee joint is one of the primary and most affected joint that takes part in standing up. Other joints that take part are hip, ankle, knee, elbow, wrist and shoulder joint. Knee joint gets the most strain , and also knee joint is comparatively less supported. That’s why usually it’s the knee joint that starts to cry first because of arthritis. Knee joint arthritis causes long term knee pain , that makes the movement difficult at knee joint. Arthritis also makes the knee joint stiffer and slower and its range of motion also decreases. All these affects coll