Finofibrate ( Antara, Triglide, Lofibra), Mechanism Of Action, Therapeutic Uses, Side effects

Fenofibrate ( Antara, Triglide, Lofibra)
Mechanism Of Action:
Fibrates stimulate the activity of peroxisome proliferating activating receptors (PPAR alpha), a class of nuclear receptor. Activation of these receptors alters the transcription of a number of genes involved in triglyceride metabolism including lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein CIII. This increases the peripheral catabolism (breakdown) of VLDL and chylomicrons, resulting in a reduction in the plasma concentration of VLDL, most notably in triglycerides, moreover, fibrates also reduce the synthesis of cholesterol, which further reduces plasma triglycerides.

Clinical and therapeutic uses:
a) Fenofibrate can be used to treat hyperlipidemia of several etiologies, especially hypertriglyceridemia due to dysbetalipoproteinemia, a defect in apolipoprotein E that impairs clearance of chylomicron remnants and VLDL.
b) it is ineffective in primary chylomicronemia (caused by a deficiency in lipoprotein lipase).
c) it has antidiuretic action in individuals with mild to moderate diabetes insipidus

Adverse effects:
1. cholelithiases
2. Cholecystitis
3. GI intolerance
4. Nausea
5. Diarrhoea
6. Myalgia
7. displace other albumin bound drugs esp. sulfonylureas and warfarin
8. should be used cautiously in hepatic and renal impairment.

Cryoglobulinemia, Cryoglobulinemia Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Cryoglobulinemia causes Hep C Myeloma, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, Symptoms, Immunoglobulins precipitate when cooled under skin, ulcers, rashes, gangrene, Raynaud’s phenomenon. Treatment. Plasma exchange, Chemotherapy, Treat the cause.

Human Parasites, Types of Parasites, and Classification

Parasite: A parasite is a living organism which gets nutrition and protection from another organism where it lives. Parasites enter into the human body through mouth, skin and genitalia. In this article, we will generally discuss the types and classification of parasites. It is important from an academic point of view. Those parasites are harmful, which derives their nutrition and other benefits from the host and host get nothing in return but suffers from some injury. Types of Parasites Ecto-parasite: An ectoparasite lives outside on the surface of the body of the host. Endo-parasite: An endo-parasite lives inside the body of the host, it lives in the blood, tissues, body cavities, digestive tract or other organs. Temporary parasite: A temporary parasite visits its host for a short period of time. Permanent parasite: Permanent parasite lives its whole life in the host. Facultative parasite: A facultative parasite can live both independently and dependently. It lives in the...

IELTS or OET - Reviews - Personal Experience - Which to Choose - IETLS vs OET

OET and IELTS both are used to assess the knowledge of English Language. The basic difference between the above two is this, IETLS is a more generalized English language assessment test, on the other hand, OET is profession specific. For example, if you are a doctor, the content of the test will be related to your occupation. Because of this, the OET is being chosen by many healthcare professional instead of IELTS. Both tests have the same sub-categories, that is listening, speaking, writing and reading. Lets us discuss the differences one by one. TEST OET IELTS OET Compared to IELTS is ………. (Author’s opinion) Speaking You will need to do two role plays. You will be given a situation and asked to counsel the patient about a disease and treatment or break the bad news. It has 3 parts, first is an introduction and general question, In the second part you will be provided with a topic to speak for 2 minutes. In the 3rd part, you will b...

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