Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors - Mechanism - Indications - Side/adverse effects - Antidepressant Drugs:

Mono amine Oxidase is an enzyme responsible for the inactivation of monoamines i.e, nor epinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. By blocking this enzyme we increase the availability of these neurotransmitters in synapses.

But one should monitor the blood pressure and cardiac condition. As increased quantity of nor epinephrine can cause hypertensive crises in predispose individuals.

Following drugs come under this category

Ø     Selegiline

Ø     Phenelzine

Ø     Tranylcypromine

Indications:

MAO inhibitors are indicated for depressive patients who are unresponsive to TCAs or TCAs are contra indicated (eg. Allergy).

These agents are useful in the treatment of certain phobias. A condition called atypical depression can be treated by MAO inhibitors

Adverse effects:

Tyramine containing foods must be avoided. Tyramine causes the release of stored catechol amines from nerve terminals, resulting in head ache, stiff neck, tachycardia, nausea, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and stroke. 

Other side effects include

    Drowsiness

    Nausea

    Orthostatic hypotension

    Blurred vision

    Dry mouth

    Dysurea

    constipation