Complications Of Fracture

$complications-of-fracture$

Early Complications:

Early Local Complications:

Vascular injury which cause internal or external haemorrhage
Visceral injury :- Fracture of skull, ribs, or pubis may cause injury to brain, lungs or bladder respectively
Damage to nerves
Damage to surrounding tissue
Haemarthrosis.
Compartment symdrome or Volkmann's ischemia
Wound infection, more common in open fractures

Early Systemic Complications

Fat embolism
Shock
Thromboembolism (pulmonary or venous)
Exacerbation of underlying diseases such as diabetes or coronary artery disease
Pneumonia

Late Complications:

Local late Complications

Delayed Union
Non- Union
Mal-Union
Joint stiffness
Contractures
Myositis ossificans
Avascular necrosis
Algodystrophy
Osteomyelitis
Growth disturbance or deformity

Systemic Late Complications

Gangrene
Tetanus
septicemia

Iatrogenic Complications

Iatrogenic complications result from therapeutic interventions

Complications due to Casts:

Compartment syndrome
Pressure ulcers
Burns due to Plaster hardening
Thrombophlebitis

Traction Complications

Traction prevents patient mobilizing causing additional muscle wasting and weakness

Other complications:

Pressure ulcers
Pneumonia/ UTIs
Permanent foot drop contractures
Peroneal nerve palsy
Pin tract infection
Thromboembolism

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