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Pain Relief in Labor: Birth is a difficult process but it brings immense joy and happiness to the woman which compensate for the pain to a degree of extent. Birth can be extremely painful especially in primigravida (first pregnancy). Many women have watched birth scenes in TV and movies and think that Labor is an extremely difficult and painful process. It is true but it is a natural process and nature has empowered women to pass through the process of Labor. Pain can be relieved in Labor to a considerable extent. A doctor will give you and explain several choices and it is up to mother what type of analgesia (pain relief method) she wants to use. Here, you may learn about all the pain relief methods in Labor and then you may discuss them with your doctor and choose the best according to your wishes. Let us discuss all the methods briefly. Different Methods Used to Relieve Pain in Labor: 1. Non-Pharmacological or General Method: One-to-one care in Labor from a midwife, doc...

People who feel it difficult to stand up from a sitting or squatting position may have problem in one or more of the following structures. 1. Knee joint 2. Muscles of legs, thighs or buttock 3. Muscles of arms 4. Cerebellum Let’s now explain one by one, what kind of problems in above structures may cause difficulty in standing up from a sitting or squatting position. 1. How do problems in knee joints lead to difficulty in standing up? Knee joint is one of the primary and most affected joint that takes part in standing up. Other joints that take part are hip, ankle, knee, elbow, wrist and shoulder joint. Knee joint gets the most strain , and also knee joint is comparatively less supported. That’s why usually it’s the knee joint that starts to cry first because of arthritis. Knee joint arthritis causes long term knee pain , that makes the movement difficult at knee joint. Arthritis also makes the knee joint stiffer and slower and its range of motion also decreases. All these affects coll...

The area above the umbilicus and just below the end of middle chest bone is called epigastrium or epigastric region. In most of the cases, the causes of pain above the umbilicus or below the sternum (chest bone) are easily manageable. As for example, Heartburn, also called stomach acidity is the most common cause, In this condition, the affected person feels burning pain inside the abdomen. Such pain usually starts after taking a meal, especially spicy, oily or high-protein one. This can easily be treated by ant-acids. Sometimes, a person feels severe pain below the sternum or above the umbilicus, that aggravates by moving, or when a person tries to stand up or lie down straight, the pain aggravates and some thread like force makes him to bend again. Such type of pain occurs usually due to spasm of central abdominal muscle. This pain resolves suddenly and the patient feels like nothing has ever happened to him. The other causes of pain in this region may need emergency management. B...

Chronic or long-term knee is one of the most common complains in elderly. There are various causes of chronic knee pain. Read the following article to have a better idea of the causes of chronic and long term knee pain. Causes of Chronic knee pain In this article we will discuss the treatment of long-term knee pain. Over the counter pain killers, such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen are constantly being used by the patients. Moreover, other patients use steroid injection to get rid of pain and inflammation. In this article we will discuss few other treatment options apart from these commonly used methods. In elderly, over the counter pain killers are most commonly used. These individuals increase the dose of OTC medication without doctor’s advice. Moreover, Those patients whose age is greater than 65, the damage that has already occurred due to aging or contributing factors, can’t be reversed. So in such patients the chances of having side effects and risk of drug overdose increases p...

Chronic knee pain is long term pain. Constant chronic knee pain is a frequent presenting complain in orthopedic clinics and out patient departments. Usually older men and females complain of knee pain, but in certain conditions younger patients may also suffer from chronic knee pain. Chronic means long term, it is different from the term “acute” knee pain, that means short term pain which usually follows an acute insult to knee joint by accident or acute infection. Chronic knee pain is different from acute knee pain because it is long term and difficult to treat. Moreover, it seldom resolves spontaneously and it often needs treatment. Following are the most common causes of chronic and constant knee pain. Osteoarthritis : It is a degenerative disease that occurs in older individuals. Females after menopause are more at risk. Osteoarthritis is usually diagnosed on X-ray. Xray shows reduced joint space. Chondromalacia Patella: In chondromalacia patella, the cartilaginous bone in...

Tension is one of the major causes of all headaches. Tension headache is mild to moderate in intensity and feels like something is pressed inside the head. It is very uncomfortable and gives a grim look on the face of the sufferer. Other people can easily recognize him that he is suffering from some kind of tension or stress Types of Tension Headaches: 1. Episodic Tension Headache. Episodic tension headache occurs in episodes and between the episodes the person feels no symptom at all. Each episode lasts from 30 minutes to a week. Episodic tension headache occurs for less than 15 days a month for consecutive three months. 2. Chronic Tension Headache. Tension headache becomes chronic if it occurs more than 15 days a month for consecutive three months. Risk factors: Female sex is a risk factor because most of the females suffer from a tension headache. Middle age is another risk factor. Cause: Stress, tension or unsolved problem cause tension headache. Treatment. Over the counter pa...

You may be living with debilitating headaches, migraines or chronic pains. Headache is so common that it seems to be a natural though an unpleasant part of life. You may have tried different traditional as well as usual treatment option however here we will look into the pharmacological treatments of headaches. Common Pain killers Prescribed For Headache Most of these medications are over-the counter and are available without a doctor’s prescription. Drugs used commonly for the relief of headache symptoms are listed below: · Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) (Tylenol) · Aspirin (Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin) · Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, Nuprin) · Flurbiprofen (Ansaid) · Naproxen (Aleve) · Diclofenac (Cataflam) · Metaxalone (Skelaxin) Ibuprofen Vs Paracetamol Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen (also called Paracetamol) are the most common drugs used for the treatment of headache. Ibuprofen is thought to be more effective than acetaminophen. This impression is reinforced by t...

    Every Therapeutic technique has come with adverse effects. But the therapeutic technique is allowed only if it gives more benefits than harm. Spinal anesthesia provide excellent pain relief during surgery especially in cesarean delivery ( Read article on Pain relief methods during child birth ). It allow surgeries while patient is conscious. Patient feels no pain below the level of spinal anesthesia. Spinal Anesthesia has lesser complications as compared to general anesthesia. Spinal Anesthesia has its own complications and side effects. One of the complications of of spinal anesthesia is hypotension. Q: Why spinal anesthesia Cause Hypotension? Our vessels are supplied with autonomic nerve fibers. These nerve fibers originate from spinal cord and supply the vessels of lower limbs. These nerve fibers maintain a muscular tone in the blood vessels and don’t allow vessels to over-dilate and prevent pooling of blood. This mechanism help to maintain blood pressu...

Chest pain is one of the most common problems which a common man may experience. It could be as serious as myocardial infarction ( to understand heart attack in simple language click here ) or just muscular pain. Chest pain may occur due to the pathology of structures present on and inside the chest. The chest is composed of skin, muscles, ribcage and important organs present inside the rib cage. Following important organs are present inside the chest cavity, and any damage to these organs may give rise to chest pain. - Intercostal Muscles, - Heart - Lungs - Blood vessels - Oesophagus - Nerves - Bones and Joints. - Breasts - Lymph nodes The following structures are not present in the chest cavity but are covered by the ribcage. - The upper end of the stomach - liver Now any abnormality or disease of the above structure can cause chest pain. Severe and localized chest pain, in which the patient can tell the exact location of the pain is mostly muscular in origin, which...

Q: Sir, I am 35 year old male with good physical and medical condition and having the habit of regular exercise in morning time and doing regular yoga. I have been wearing specks for short sightedness for last 10 year and the power of specks are presently -1.50(with spherical -1 and cylindrical -.5) for both eye and varied in past between -1.25 to -1.50. In past I felt severe pain on my right side of the head and centre of pain was in just right from the centre of the brain. The pain was so severe and unbearable and last for 1 to 2 hour and recurred after 02 or 03 or 04th day. This type of pain I felt in past is about 3-4 time since I start wearing specks. Each time I felt pain, power of specks varies either or spherical or cylindrical. Since last two weeks I am feeling the same pain.when I visited for power check one optician checked my power for -1(-0.5 spherical -0.5 cylindrical)for both eye. My eye power improved this time may be due to better diet or exercise. but after wear...

Lower Right Abdominal pain is normally easy to interpret as an appendix is present in the lower right Abdomen. But lower left abdominal pain is difficult to interpret as there can be various causes . Other related Questions should be asked from the patient to confirm the diagnosis. following are some causes of lower left abdominal pain. 1. Kidney Stones.